EAST USAMBARA MOUNTAINS

Altitude (m):	800-2440
# Species:	411
# Excl Vagrants:	411
# Endemics:	7
# Near Endemics:	15

BIRD CHECKLIST

The table below lists species recorded at this locale but does not indicate frequency of occurrence there. It does indicate whether each species is globally threatened or endangered according to the IUCN and also whether it is migratory, very rare, or accidental in the country. The list is based on available data and may be incomplete.*

color codes

Ducks: Anatidae
1	White-faced Whistling-Duck	Dendrocygna viduata	EUM,WUM	?
2	African Black Duck	Anas sparsa	EUM,WUM	?
3	Red-billed Duck	Anas erythrorhyncha	EUM,WUM	?
Guineafowl: Numididae
4	Helmeted Guineafowl	Numida meleagris	WUM	?
5	Eastern Crested Guineafowl	Guttera pucherani	EUM	?
Pheasants, Grouse, and Allies: Phasianidae
6	Scaly Spurfowl	Pternistis squamatus	EUM,WUM	?
7	Hildebrandt's Spurfowl	Pternistis hildebrandti	WUM	?
Pigeons and Doves: Columbidae
8	Rock Pigeon	Columba livia	EUM,WUM	?
9	Rameron Pigeon	Columba arquatrix	EUM,WUM	?
10	Eastern Bronze-naped Pigeon	Columba delegorguei	EUM,WUM	?
11	Lemon Dove	Aplopelia larvata	EUM,WUM	?
12	Dusky Turtle-Dove	Streptopelia lugens	WUM	?
13	Mourning Collared-Dove	Streptopelia decipiens	EUM,WUM	?
14	Red-eyed Dove	Streptopelia semitorquata	EUM,WUM	?
15	Ring-necked Dove	Streptopelia capicola	EUM,WUM	?
16	Laughing Dove	Spilopelia senegalensis	EUM,WUM	?
17	Emerald-spotted Wood-Dove	Turtur chalcospilos	EUM,WUM	?
18	Blue-spotted Wood-Dove	Turtur afer	EUM,WUM	?
19	Tambourine Dove	Turtur tympanistria	EUM,WUM	?
20	Namaqua Dove	Oena capensis	EUM	?
21	African Green-Pigeon	Treron calvus	EUM	?
Bustards: Otididae
22	Buff-crested Bustard	Lophotis gindiana	WUM	?
Turacos: Musophagidae
23	White-bellied Go-away-bird	Crinifer leucogaster	EUM,WUM	?
24	Hartlaub's Turaco	Tauraco hartlaubi	EUM,WUM	?
25	Fischer's Turaco	Tauraco fischeri	EUM,WUM	?
Cuckoos: Cuculidae
26	Red-chested Cuckoo	Cuculus solitarius	EUM,WUM	?
27	Common Cuckoo	Cuculus canorus	EUM,WUM	?
28	African Cuckoo	Cuculus gularis	WUM	?
29	Lesser Cuckoo	Cuculus poliocephalus	EUM	?
30	White-browed Coucal	Centropus superciliosus	EUM,WUM	?
31	Green Malkoha	Ceuthmochares australis	EUM	?
32	Pied Cuckoo	Clamator jacobinus	EUM,WUM	?
33	Thick-billed Cuckoo	Pachycoccyx audeberti	EUM	?
34	Klaas's Cuckoo	Chrysococcyx klaas	EUM,WUM	?
35	African Emerald Cuckoo	Chrysococcyx cupreus	EUM,WUM	?
36	Dideric Cuckoo	Chrysococcyx caprius	EUM,WUM	?
37	Barred Long-tailed Cuckoo	Cercococcyx montanus	EUM,WUM	?
Nightjars and Allies: Caprimulgidae
38	Eurasian Nightjar	Caprimulgus europaeus	EUM	?
39	Fiery-necked Nightjar	Caprimulgus pectoralis	EUM	?
40	Montane Nightjar	Caprimulgus poliocephalus	EUM,WUM	?
Swifts: Apodidae
41	Mottled Spinetail	Telacanthura ussheri	EUM	?
42	Bat-like Spinetail	Neafrapus boehmi	EUM	?
43	Scarce Swift	Schoutedenapus myoptilus	EUM,WUM	?
44	Mottled Swift	Tachymarptis aequatorialis	EUM,WUM	?
45	Common Swift	Apus apus	EUM,WUM	?
46	African Swift	Apus barbatus	EUM,WUM	?
47	Little Swift	Apus affinis	EUM,WUM	?
48	Horus Swift	Apus horus	EUM	?
49	White-rumped Swift	Apus caffer	EUM,WUM	?
50	African Palm Swift	Cypsiurus parvus	EUM,WUM	?
Rails, Gallinules, and Coots: Rallidae
51	Eurasian Moorhen	Gallinula chloropus	EUM,WUM	?
52	Black Crake	Zapornia flavirostra	EUM,WUM	?
Flufftails: Sarothruridae
53	Buff-spotted Flufftail	Sarothrura elegans	EUM	?
54	Red-chested Flufftail	Sarothrura rufa	EUM	?
Plovers and Lapwings: Charadriidae
55	Blacksmith Lapwing	Vanellus armatus	EUM,WUM	?
Jacanas: Jacanidae
56	African Jacana	Actophilornis africanus	EUM	?
Sandpipers and Allies: Scolopacidae
57	Common Sandpiper	Actitis hypoleucos	EUM,WUM	?
Pratincoles and Coursers: Glareolidae
58	Temminck's Courser	Cursorius temminckii	WUM	?
Storks: Ciconiidae
59	African Openbill	Anastomus lamelligerus	EUM,WUM	?
60	Black Stork	Ciconia nigra	EUM	?
61	Abdim's Stork	Ciconia abdimii	EUM,WUM	?
62	African Woolly-necked Stork	Ciconia microscelis	EUM,WUM	?
63	White Stork	Ciconia ciconia	WUM	?
64	Yellow-billed Stork	Mycteria ibis	EUM	?
Cormorants and Shags: Phalacrocoracidae
65	Reed Cormorant	Microcarbo africanus	EUM,WUM	?
Ibises and Spoonbills: Threskiornithidae
66	Glossy Ibis	Plegadis falcinellus	WUM	?
67	African Sacred Ibis	Threskiornis aethiopicus	EUM,WUM	?
68	Olive Ibis	Bostrychia olivacea	EUM	?
69	Hadada Ibis	Bostrychia hagedash	EUM,WUM	?
Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns: Ardeidae
70	Little Bittern	Botaurus minutus	WUM	?
71	Little Egret	Egretta garzetta	EUM,WUM	?
72	Striated Heron	Butorides striata	EUM	?
73	Western Cattle-Egret	Bubulcus ibis	EUM,WUM	?
74	Great Egret	Ardea alba	EUM,WUM	?
75	Gray Heron	Ardea cinerea	EUM,WUM	?
76	Purple Heron	Ardea purpurea	EUM,WUM	?
77	Black-headed Heron	Ardea melanocephala	EUM,WUM	?
Hamerkop: Scopidae
78	Hamerkop	Scopus umbretta	EUM,WUM	?
Shoebill: Balaenicipitidae
79	Shoebill	Balaeniceps rex	EUM,WUM	?
Hawks, Eagles, and Kites: Accipitridae
80	African Harrier-Hawk	Polyboroides typus	EUM,WUM	?
81	Palm-nut Vulture	Gypohierax angolensis	EUM	?
82	Egyptian Vulture	Neophron percnopterus	EUM	?
83	African Cuckoo-Hawk	Aviceda cuculoides	EUM	?
84	European Honey-buzzard	Pernis apivorus	EUM,WUM	?
85	White-backed Vulture	Gyps africanus	EUM	?
86	Bateleur	Terathopius ecaudatus	EUM,WUM	?
87	Southern Banded Snake-Eagle	Circaetus fasciolatus	EUM,WUM	?
88	Black-chested Snake-Eagle	Circaetus pectoralis	EUM	?
89	Brown Snake-Eagle	Circaetus cinereus	EUM,WUM	?
90	Crowned Eagle	Stephanoaetus coronatus	EUM	?
91	Martial Eagle	Polemaetus bellicosus	EUM	?
92	Long-crested Eagle	Lophaetus occipitalis	EUM,WUM	?
93	Wahlberg's Eagle	Hieraaetus wahlbergi	EUM	?
94	Booted Eagle	Hieraaetus pennatus	EUM	?
95	Ayres's Hawk-Eagle	Hieraaetus ayresii	EUM,WUM	?
96	Tawny Eagle	Aquila rapax	EUM,WUM	?
97	Verreaux's Eagle	Aquila verreauxii	EUM,WUM	?
98	African Hawk-Eagle	Aquila spilogaster	EUM	?
99	Bat Hawk	Macheiramphus alcinus	EUM	?
100	Gabar Goshawk	Micronisus gabar	EUM	?
101	Eastern Chanting-Goshawk	Melierax poliopterus	WUM	?
102	Lizard Buzzard	Kaupifalco monogrammicus	EUM,WUM	?
103	African Goshawk	Aerospiza toussenelii	EUM,WUM	?
104	Little Sparrowhawk	Tachyspiza minullus	EUM,WUM	?
105	Shikra	Tachyspiza badius	EUM,WUM	?
106	Rufous-breasted Sparrowhawk	Accipiter rufiventris	WUM	?
107	Black Goshawk	Astur melanoleucus	EUM,WUM	?
108	Montagu's Harrier	Circus pygargus	WUM	?
109	Black Kite	Milvus migrans	EUM,WUM	?
110	Grasshopper Buzzard	Butastur rufipennis	WUM	?
111	Common Buzzard	Buteo buteo	EUM,WUM	?
112	Mountain Buzzard	Buteo oreophilus	EUM,WUM	?
113	Augur Buzzard	Buteo augur	EUM,WUM	?
Barn-Owls: Tytonidae
114	Western Barn Owl	Tyto alba	WUM	?
Owls: Strigidae
115	Sokoke Scops-Owl	Otus ireneae	EUM	?
116	Southern White-faced Owl	Ptilopsis granti	EUM	?
117	Spotted Eagle-Owl	Bubo africanus	EUM,WUM	?
118	Fraser's Eagle-Owl	Ketupa poensis	EUM,WUM	?
119	African Wood-Owl	Strix woodfordii	EUM,WUM	?
Mousebirds: Coliidae
120	Speckled Mousebird	Colius striatus	EUM,WUM	?
121	White-headed Mousebird	Colius leucocephalus	EUM	?
122	Blue-naped Mousebird	Urocolius macrourus	EUM,WUM	?
Trogons: Trogonidae
123	Narina Trogon	Apaloderma narina	EUM	?
124	Bar-tailed Trogon	Apaloderma vittatum	EUM,WUM	?
Woodhoopoes and Scimitarbills: Phoeniculidae
125	Green Woodhoopoe	Phoeniculus purpureus	EUM,WUM	?
126	Common Scimitarbill	Rhinopomastus cyanomelas	EUM	?
Hornbills: Bucerotidae
127	Crowned Hornbill	Lophoceros alboterminatus	EUM,WUM	?
128	African Gray Hornbill	Lophoceros nasutus	EUM,WUM	?
129	Von der Decken's Hornbill	Tockus deckeni	EUM	?
130	Silvery-cheeked Hornbill	Bycanistes brevis	EUM,WUM	?
131	Trumpeter Hornbill	Bycanistes bucinator	EUM,WUM	?
Bee-eaters: Meropidae
132	White-fronted Bee-eater	Merops bullockoides	EUM	?
133	Little Bee-eater	Merops pusillus	EUM,WUM	?
134	Cinnamon-chested Bee-eater	Merops oreobates	EUM,WUM	?
135	White-throated Bee-eater	Merops albicollis	EUM	?
136	Blue-cheeked Bee-eater	Merops persicus	EUM	?
137	European Bee-eater	Merops apiaster	EUM,WUM	?
Kingfishers: Alcedinidae
138	Half-collared Kingfisher	Alcedo semitorquata	EUM	?
139	Malachite Kingfisher	Corythornis cristatus	EUM,WUM	?
140	African Pygmy Kingfisher	Ispidina picta	EUM,WUM	?
141	Gray-headed Kingfisher	Halcyon leucocephala	EUM,WUM	?
142	Woodland Kingfisher	Halcyon senegalensis	EUM	?
143	Brown-hooded Kingfisher	Halcyon albiventris	EUM,WUM	?
144	Striped Kingfisher	Halcyon chelicuti	EUM	?
145	Giant Kingfisher	Megaceryle maxima	EUM,WUM	?
146	Pied Kingfisher	Ceryle rudis	WUM	?
Rollers: Coraciidae
147	European Roller	Coracias garrulus	EUM,WUM	?
148	Lilac-breasted Roller	Coracias caudatus	EUM,WUM	?
African Barbets: Lybiidae
149	Crested Barbet	Trachyphonus vaillantii	WUM	?
150	Red-and-yellow Barbet	Trachyphonus erythrocephalus	EUM,WUM	?
151	D'Arnaud's Barbet	Trachyphonus darnaudii	WUM	?
152	Green Barbet	Cryptolybia olivacea	EUM,WUM	?
153	White-eared Barbet	Stactolaema leucotis	EUM,WUM	?
154	Green Tinkerbird	Pogoniulus simplex	EUM,WUM	?
155	Moustached Tinkerbird	Pogoniulus leucomystax	EUM,WUM	?
156	Yellow-rumped Tinkerbird	Pogoniulus bilineatus	EUM,WUM	?
157	Northern Red-fronted Tinkerbird	Pogoniulus uropygialis	EUM,WUM	?
158	Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird	Pogoniulus chrysoconus	EUM	?
159	Red-fronted Barbet	Tricholaema diademata	WUM	?
160	Spot-flanked Barbet	Tricholaema lacrymosa	EUM,WUM	?
161	White-headed Barbet	Lybius leucocephalus	EUM,WUM	?
162	Black-collared Barbet	Lybius torquatus	EUM	?
163	Brown-breasted Barbet	Pogonornis melanopterus	EUM,WUM	?
Honeyguides: Indicatoridae
164	Green-backed Honeybird	Prodotiscus zambesiae	EUM,WUM	?
165	Brown-backed Honeybird	Prodotiscus regulus	WUM	?
166	Pallid Honeyguide	Indicator meliphilus	EUM,WUM	?
167	Lesser Honeyguide	Indicator minor	EUM,WUM	?
168	Scaly-throated Honeyguide	Indicator variegatus	EUM,WUM	?
169	Greater Honeyguide	Indicator indicator	EUM	?
Woodpeckers: Picidae
170	Cardinal Woodpecker	Dendropicos fuscescens	EUM,WUM	?
171	Brown-backed Woodpecker	Dendropicos obsoletus	EUM	?
172	Olive Woodpecker	Dendropicos griseocephalus	EUM,WUM	?
173	Green-backed Woodpecker	Campethera cailliautii	EUM,WUM	?
174	Golden-tailed Woodpecker	Campethera abingoni	EUM	?
175	Mombasa Woodpecker	Campethera mombassica	EUM,WUM	?
Falcons and Caracaras: Falconidae
176	Pygmy Falcon	Polihierax semitorquatus	EUM	?
177	Gray Kestrel	Falco ardosiaceus	WUM	?
178	Eurasian Hobby	Falco subbuteo	EUM,WUM	?
179	African Hobby	Falco cuvierii	EUM	?
180	Lanner Falcon	Falco biarmicus	EUM,WUM	?
181	Peregrine Falcon	Falco peregrinus	EUM	?
Parrots: Psittacidae
182	Red-bellied Parrot	Poicephalus rufiventris	EUM	?
African and Green Broadbill: Calyptomenidae
183	African Broadbill	Smithornis capensis	EUM,WUM	?
Cuckooshrikes: Campephagidae
184	Gray Cuckooshrike	Ceblepyris caesia	EUM,WUM	?
185	Black Cuckooshrike	Campephaga flava	EUM,WUM	?
Old World Orioles: Oriolidae
186	Eurasian Golden Oriole	Oriolus oriolus	EUM	?
187	African Golden Oriole	Oriolus auratus	EUM	?
188	Green-headed Oriole	Oriolus chlorocephalus	EUM	?
189	African Black-headed Oriole	Oriolus larvatus	EUM,WUM	?
Wattle-eyes and Batises: Platysteiridae
190	Black-throated Wattle-eye	Platysteira peltata	EUM,WUM	?
191	Short-tailed Batis	Batis mixta	EUM,WUM	?
192	Chinspot Batis	Batis molitor	EUM	?
193	Pale Batis	Batis soror	EUM	?
194	Eastern Black-headed Batis	Batis minor	EUM,WUM	?
Vangas, Helmetshrikes and Allies: Vangidae
195	Retz's Helmetshrike	Prionops retzii	EUM	?
196	Chestnut-fronted Helmetshrike	Prionops scopifrons	EUM	?
197	Black-and-white Shrike-flycatcher	Bias musicus	EUM	?
Bushshrikes: Malaconotidae
198	Pringle's Puffback	Dryoscopus pringlii	EUM,WUM	?
199	Black-backed Puffback	Dryoscopus cubla	EUM,WUM	?
200	Black-crowned Tchagra	Tchagra senegalus	EUM	?
201	Brown-crowned Tchagra	Tchagra australis	EUM,WUM	?
202	Tropical Boubou	Laniarius major	EUM,WUM	?
203	Zanzibar Boubou	Laniarius sublacteus	EUM,WUM	?
204	Slate-colored Boubou	Laniarius funebris	WUM	?
205	Fuelleborn's Boubou	Laniarius fuelleborni	EUM,WUM	?
206	Rosy-patched Bushshrike	Rhodophoneus cruentus	WUM	?
207	Black-fronted Bushshrike	Chlorophoneus nigrifrons	EUM,WUM	?
208	Gray-headed Bushshrike	Malaconotus blanchoti	EUM,WUM	?
Drongos: Dicruridae
209	Square-tailed Drongo	Dicrurus ludwigii	EUM,WUM	?
210	Fork-tailed Drongo	Dicrurus adsimilis	EUM,WUM	?
211	Usambara Drongo**	Dicrurus sp.	WUM	?
Monarch Flycatchers: Monarchidae
212	African Crested Flycatcher	Trochocercus cyanomelas	EUM,WUM	?
213	African Paradise-Flycatcher	Terpsiphone viridis	EUM,WUM	?
Shrikes: Laniidae
214	Red-backed Shrike	Lanius collurio	EUM,WUM	?
215	Isabelline Shrike	Lanius isabellinus	EUM,WUM	?
216	Long-tailed Fiscal	Lanius cabanisi	EUM,WUM	?
217	Taita Fiscal	Lanius dorsalis	WUM	?
218	Northern Fiscal	Lanius humeralis	EUM,WUM	?
219	White-rumped Shrike	Eurocephalus ruppelli	EUM	?
Crows, Jays, and Magpies: Corvidae
220	House Crow	Corvus splendens	EUM,WUM	?
221	Pied Crow	Corvus albus	EUM,WUM	?
222	White-necked Raven	Corvus albicollis	EUM,WUM	?
Hyliotas: Hyliotidae
223	Usambara Hyliota	Hyliota usambara	EUM	?
Fairy Flycatchers: Stenostiridae
224	White-tailed Crested Flycatcher	Elminia albonotata	EUM,WUM	?
Nicators: Nicatoridae
225	Eastern Nicator	Nicator gularis	EUM,WUM	?
African Warblers: Macrosphenidae
226	Moustached Grass-Warbler	Melocichla mentalis	EUM,WUM	?
227	Kretschmer's Longbill	Macrosphenus kretschmeri	EUM,WUM	?
Cisticolas and Allies: Cisticolidae
228	Yellow-bellied Eremomela	Eremomela icteropygialis	EUM	?
229	African Tailorbird	Artisornis metopias	EUM,WUM	?
230	Long-billed Tailorbird	Artisornis moreaui	EUM	?
231	Gray Wren-Warbler	Calamonastes simplex	WUM	?
232	Green-backed Camaroptera	Camaroptera brachyura	EUM,WUM	?
233	Bar-throated Apalis	Apalis thoracica	EUM,WUM	?
234	Yellow-breasted Apalis	Apalis flavida	EUM,WUM	?
235	Black-headed Apalis	Apalis melanocephala	EUM,WUM	?
236	Tawny-flanked Prinia	Prinia subflava	EUM,WUM	?
237	Red-fronted Warbler	Prinia rufifrons	WUM	?
238	Red-faced Cisticola	Cisticola erythrops	EUM,WUM	?
239	Singing Cisticola	Cisticola cantans	EUM,WUM	?
240	Rock-loving Cisticola	Cisticola aberrans	WUM	?
241	Rattling Cisticola	Cisticola chiniana	EUM,WUM	?
242	Coastal Cisticola	Cisticola haematocephala	EUM,WUM	?
243	Winding Cisticola	Cisticola marginatus	EUM	?
Reed Warblers and Allies: Acrocephalidae
244	Eastern Olivaceous Warbler	Iduna pallida	EUM	?
245	African Yellow-Warbler	Iduna natalensis	EUM,WUM	?
246	Olive-tree Warbler	Hippolais olivetorum	EUM	?
247	Common Reed Warbler	Acrocephalus scirpaceus	EUM,WUM	?
248	Lesser Swamp Warbler	Acrocephalus gracilirostris	EUM,WUM	?
Grassbirds and Allies: Locustellidae
249	Evergreen-forest Warbler	Bradypterus lopezi	EUM,WUM	?
250	Cinnamon Bracken-Warbler	Bradypterus cinnamomeus	EUM,WUM	?
251	Little Rush Warbler	Bradypterus baboecala	EUM	?
Swallows: Hirundinidae
252	Black Sawwing	Psalidoprocne pristoptera	EUM,WUM	?
253	Plain Martin	Riparia paludicola	EUM,WUM	?
254	Bank Swallow	Riparia riparia	EUM	?
255	Southern Crag-Martin	Ptyonoprogne fuligula	EUM,WUM	?
256	Barn Swallow	Hirundo rustica	EUM,WUM	?
257	Wire-tailed Swallow	Hirundo smithii	EUM,WUM	?
258	African Red-rumped Swallow	Cecropis melanocrissus	EUM,WUM	?
259	Lesser Striped Swallow	Cecropis abyssinica	EUM,WUM	?
260	Mosque Swallow	Cecropis senegalensis	EUM,WUM	?
Bulbuls: Pycnonotidae
261	Sombre Greenbul	Andropadus importunus	EUM,WUM	?
262	Yellow-bellied Greenbul	Chlorocichla flaviventris	EUM,WUM	?
263	Shelley's Greenbul	Arizelocichla masukuensis	EUM,WUM	?
264	Black-headed Mountain Greenbul	Arizelocichla nigriceps	EUM,WUM	?
265	Olive-headed Greenbul	Arizelocichla striifacies	EUM,WUM	?
266	Little Greenbul	Eurillas virens	EUM,WUM	?
267	Tiny Greenbul	Phyllastrephus debilis	EUM,WUM	?
268	Usambara Greenbul	Phyllastrephus albigula	EUM,WUM	?
269	Placid Greenbul**	Phyllastrephus placidus	WUM	?
270	Yellow-streaked Greenbul	Phyllastrephus flavostriatus	EUM,WUM	?
271	Terrestrial Brownbul	Phyllastrephus terrestris	EUM,WUM	?
272	Northern Brownbul	Phyllastrephus strepitans	EUM,WUM	?
273	Gray-olive Greenbul	Phyllastrephus cerviniventris	EUM	?
274	Fischer's Greenbul	Phyllastrephus fischeri	EUM,WUM	?
275	Cabanis's Greenbul	Phyllastrephus cabanisi	EUM,WUM	?
276	Common Bulbul	Pycnonotus barbatus	EUM,WUM	?
Leaf Warblers: Phylloscopidae
277	Willow Warbler	Phylloscopus trochilus	EUM,WUM	?
278	Yellow-throated Woodland-Warbler	Phylloscopus ruficapilla	EUM,WUM	?
Bush Warblers and Allies: Scotocercidae
279	Yellow Flycatcher	Erythrocercus holochlorus	EUM	?
Sylviid Warblers and Allies: Sylviidae
280	Eurasian Blackcap	Sylvia atricapilla	WUM	?
281	African Hill Babbler	Sylvia abyssinica	EUM,WUM	?
282	Banded Parisoma	Curruca boehmi	WUM	?
283	Greater Whitethroat	Curruca communis	EUM	?
White-eyes, Yuhinas, and Allies: Zosteropidae
284	Pale White-eye	Zosterops flavilateralis	EUM,WUM	?
285	Kilimanjaro White-eye	Zosterops eurycricotus	EUM,WUM	?
286	Northern Yellow White-eye	Zosterops senegalensis	EUM,WUM	?
287	Southern Yellow White-eye	Zosterops anderssoni	EUM,WUM	?
Fulvetta and Ground Babblers: Pellorneidae
288	Tanzanian Illadopsis	Illadopsis distans	EUM,WUM	?
Laughingthrushes and Allies: Leiothrichidae
289	Scaly Chatterer	Argya aylmeri	WUM	?
Starlings: Sturnidae
290	Violet-backed Starling	Cinnyricinclus leucogaster	EUM,WUM	?
291	Red-winged Starling	Onychognathus morio	EUM,WUM	?
292	Waller's Starling	Onychognathus walleri	EUM,WUM	?
293	Sharpe's Starling	Pholia sharpii	WUM	?
294	Kenrick's Starling	Poeoptera kenricki	EUM,WUM	?
295	Black-bellied Starling	Notopholia corusca	EUM	?
296	Hildebrandt's Starling	Lamprotornis hildebrandti	WUM	?
Thrushes and Allies: Turdidae
297	Red-tailed Ant-Thrush	Neocossyphus rufus	EUM,WUM	?
298	Orange Ground-Thrush	Geokichla gurneyi	EUM	?
299	African Bare-eyed Thrush	Turdus tephronotus	EUM,WUM	?
300	Kurrichane Thrush	Turdus libonyana	EUM	?
301	Usambara Thrush	Turdus roehli	EUM,WUM	?
Old World Flycatchers: Muscicapidae
302	African Dusky Flycatcher	Muscicapa adusta	EUM,WUM	?
303	Spotted Flycatcher	Muscicapa striata	EUM,WUM	?
304	Boehm's Bee-eater	Myopornis boehmi	EUM	?
305	African Gray Flycatcher	Bradornis microrhynchus	EUM	?
306	Pale Flycatcher	Agricola pallidus	EUM	?
307	Gray Tit-Flycatcher	Fraseria plumbeus	EUM	?
308	Ashy Flycatcher	Fraseria caerulescens	EUM,WUM	?
309	Southern Black-Flycatcher	Melaenornis pammelaina	EUM,WUM	?
310	White-eyed Slaty-Flycatcher	Melaenornis fischeri	EUM,WUM	?
311	White-browed Scrub Robin	Cercotrichas leucophrys	WUM	?
312	Cape Robin-Chat	Dessonornis caffra	EUM,WUM	?
313	Rueppell's Robin-Chat	Cossypha semirufa	WUM	?
314	White-browed Robin-Chat	Cossypha heuglini	EUM,WUM	?
315	Red-capped Robin-Chat	Cossypha natalensis	EUM,WUM	?
316	Collared Palm-Thrush	Cichladusa arquata	EUM	?
317	Spotted Morning-Thrush	Cichladusa guttata	EUM,WUM	?
318	White-starred Robin	Pogonocichla stellata	EUM,WUM	?
319	Swynnerton's Robin	Swynnertonia swynnertoni	EUM	?
320	White-chested Alethe	Chamaetylas fuelleborni	EUM,WUM	?
321	Sharpe's Akalat	Sheppardia sharpei	EUM,WUM	?
322	East Coast Akalat	Sheppardia gunningi	EUM	?
323	Usambara Akalat	Sheppardia montana	WUM	?
324	African Stonechat	Saxicola torquatus	EUM,WUM	?
325	Mocking Cliff-Chat	Thamnolaea cinnamomeiventris	EUM,WUM	?
326	Northern Wheatear	Oenanthe oenanthe	EUM	?
Sunbirds and Spiderhunters: Nectariniidae
327	Plain-backed Sunbird	Anthreptes reichenowi	EUM	?
328	Western Violet-backed Sunbird	Anthreptes longuemarei	EUM	?
329	Eastern Violet-backed Sunbird	Anthreptes orientalis	EUM	?
330	Uluguru Violet-backed Sunbird	Anthreptes neglectus	EUM	?
331	Banded Sunbird	Anthreptes rubritorques	EUM,WUM	C
332	Collared Sunbird	Hedydipna collaris	EUM,WUM	?
333	Amani Sunbird	Hedydipna pallidigaster	EUM,WUM	?
334	Olive Sunbird	Cyanomitra olivacea	EUM,WUM	?
335	Mouse-colored Sunbird	Cyanomitra veroxii	EUM	?
336	Amethyst Sunbird	Chalcomitra amethystina	EUM,WUM	?
337	Scarlet-chested Sunbird	Chalcomitra senegalensis	EUM,WUM	?
338	Malachite Sunbird	Nectarinia famosa	EUM	?
339	Golden-winged Sunbird	Drepanorhynchus reichenowi	WUM	?
340	Western Miombo Sunbird	Cinnyris gertrudis	EUM,WUM	?
341	Usambara Double-collared Sunbird	Cinnyris usambaricus	EUM,WUM	?
342	Marico Sunbird	Cinnyris mariquensis	EUM	?
343	Black-bellied Sunbird	Cinnyris nectarinioides	WUM	?
344	Purple-banded Sunbird	Cinnyris bifasciatus	EUM,WUM	?
345	Variable Sunbird	Cinnyris venustus	EUM,WUM	?
Weavers and Allies: Ploceidae
346	Speckle-fronted Weaver	Sporopipes frontalis	EUM	?
347	White-browed Sparrow-Weaver	Plocepasser mahali	EUM	?
348	Red-headed Weaver	Anaplectes rubriceps	WUM	?
349	Baglafecht Weaver	Ploceus baglafecht	EUM,WUM	?
350	Black-necked Weaver	Ploceus nigricollis	EUM	?
351	Spectacled Weaver	Ploceus ocularis	EUM,WUM	?
352	African Golden-Weaver	Ploceus subaureus	EUM,WUM	?
353	Taveta Golden-Weaver	Ploceus castaneiceps	EUM	?
354	Lesser Masked-Weaver	Ploceus intermedius	WUM	?
355	Vitelline Masked-Weaver	Ploceus vitellinus	WUM	?
356	Village Weaver	Ploceus cucullatus	EUM,WUM	?
357	Black-headed Weaver	Ploceus melanocephalus	EUM	?
358	Golden-backed Weaver	Ploceus jacksoni	EUM	?
359	Chestnut Weaver	Ploceus rubiginosus	WUM	?
360	Dark-backed Weaver	Ploceus bicolor	EUM,WUM	?
361	Usambara Weaver	Ploceus nicolli	EUM,WUM	?
362	Red-billed Quelea	Quelea quelea	WUM	?
363	Zanzibar Red Bishop	Euplectes nigroventris	EUM,WUM	?
364	Black-winged Bishop	Euplectes hordeaceus	EUM,WUM	?
365	Yellow Bishop	Euplectes capensis	WUM	?
366	Fan-tailed Widowbird	Euplectes axillaris	EUM,WUM	?
367	Grosbeak Weaver	Amblyospiza albifrons	EUM,WUM	?
Waxbills and Allies: Estrildidae
368	Bronze Mannikin	Spermestes cucullata	EUM,WUM	?
369	Black-and-white Mannikin	Spermestes bicolor	EUM,WUM	?
370	Magpie Mannikin	Spermestes fringilloides	EUM,WUM	R
371	Yellow-bellied Waxbill	Coccopygia quartinia	EUM,WUM	?
372	Green-backed Twinspot	Mandingoa nitidula	EUM,WUM	?
373	Red-faced Crimsonwing	Cryptospiza reichenovii	EUM,WUM	?
374	Black-faced Waxbill	Brunhilda erythronotos	EUM,WUM	?
375	Common Waxbill	Estrilda astrild	EUM,WUM	?
376	Crimson-rumped Waxbill	Estrilda rhodopyga	WUM	?
377	Purple Grenadier	Granatina ianthinogaster	WUM	?
378	Gray-headed Silverbill	Odontospiza griseicapilla	EUM	?
379	Red-cheeked Cordonbleu	Uraeginthus bengalus	WUM	?
380	Blue-capped Cordonbleu	Uraeginthus cyanocephalus	EUM	?
381	Red-headed Bluebill	Spermophaga ruficapilla	EUM	?
382	Green-winged Pytilia	Pytilia melba	EUM,WUM	?
383	Red-throated Twinspot	Hypargos niveoguttatus	EUM,WUM	?
384	African Firefinch	Lagonosticta rubricata	EUM,WUM	?
385	Jameson's Firefinch	Lagonosticta rhodopareia	WUM	?
Indigobirds: Viduidae
386	Pin-tailed Whydah	Vidua macroura	EUM,WUM	?
387	Broad-tailed Paradise-Whydah	Vidua obtusa	WUM	?
388	Eastern Paradise-Whydah	Vidua paradisaea	EUM	?
389	Village Indigobird	Vidua chalybeata	WUM	?
390	Dusky Indigobird	Vidua funerea	WUM	?
391	Purple Indigobird	Vidua purpurascens	WUM	?
392	Parasitic Weaver	Anomalospiza imberbis	EUM	?
Old World Sparrows: Passeridae
393	House Sparrow	Passer domesticus	EUM,WUM	?
394	Northern Gray-headed Sparrow	Passer griseus	EUM,WUM	?
395	Parrot-billed Sparrow	Passer gongonensis	WUM	?
396	Yellow-spotted Bush Sparrow	Gymnornis pyrgita	WUM	?
Wagtails and Pipits: Motacillidae
397	Mountain Wagtail	Motacilla clara	EUM,WUM	?
398	Gray Wagtail	Motacilla cinerea	EUM,WUM	?
399	Western Yellow Wagtail	Motacilla flava	EUM,WUM	?
400	African Pied Wagtail	Motacilla aguimp	EUM,WUM	?
401	African Pipit	Anthus cinnamomeus	EUM	?
402	Striped Pipit	Anthus lineiventris	EUM,WUM	?
403	Tree Pipit	Anthus trivialis	EUM	?
Finches, Euphonias, and Allies: Fringillidae
404	Oriole Finch	Linurgus olivaceus	EUM,WUM	?
405	Yellow-fronted Canary	Crithagra mozambicus	EUM,WUM	?
406	Southern Citril	Crithagra hypostictus	EUM,WUM	?
407	Streaky Seedeater	Crithagra striolatus	EUM,WUM	?
Thrush-Tanager: Rhodinocichlidae
408	Spot-throat	Modulatrix stictigula	EUM,WUM	?
409	Dapple-throat	Arcanator orostruthus	EUM	?
Old World Buntings: Emberizidae
410	Somali Bunting	Emberiza poliopleura	WUM	?
411	Cabanis's Bunting	Emberiza cabanisi	EUM,WUM	?

*Nomenclature and taxonomic affinities are based on Clements 6th Edition published 2007 with updates through 2021 maintained by the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, which relies largely on the AOU and SACC nomenclature committees. IUCN status may reflect splits not currently recognized by Clements.
**Species not accepted by Clements, AOU, or SACC that we recognize based on the IOC, field observations along with geographical separation, consensus opinions of field guide authors, and other sources. These species are potential splits in future Clements updates.

OTHER LOCALES

PRESENCE CODES

Code	Description	##
//	Boreal Visitor	29
\\	Austral Visitor	1
\|\|	Transient	5
##	Non-breeding Dispersal	1
<>	Erratic/Irregular	3
()	Breeding Season Only	1
{}	Casual/Vagrant	0
[]	Accidental	0

OCCURRENCE CODES

Code	Description	##
A	Abundant/Very Common	0
C	Common	1
FC	Fairly/Locally Common	0
UC	Uncommon/Scarce	0
R	Rare/Very Scarce	1
VR	Very Rare	0
X	Accidental/Vagrant	0
?	Uncertain	408

STATUS CODES

Code	Description	##
NT	Near Threatened	13
V	Vulnerable	4
EN	Endangered	7
CR	Critically Endangered	2

Species counts in code tables depend on completeness of the data. For some countries or locales, data may not include all species or information on species presence may be incomplete.

LOCATION CODES

Code	Description
EUM	East Usambara Mountains
WUM	West Usambara Mountains

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