PICO CALEDONIA

Altitude (m):	1900-2200
# Species:	258
# Excl Vagrants:	258
# Endemics:	36
# Near Endemics:	5
Habitat: High elevation forest, scrub

SPECIALTY BIRDS LIST

List of species at this locale that are endemic (E), near endemic (NE), have restricted ranges in the country (RR), or that occur only locally (LC) in the country excluding vagrants and accidentals. Table also shows species with globally threatened or endangered status according to the IUCN.*

color codes

1	Long-trained Nightjar	Macropsalis forcipata	NE
2	Saw-billed Hermit	Ramphodon naevius	E
3	Brazilian Ruby	Heliodoxa rubricauda	E
4	Green-crowned Plovercrest	Stephanoxis lalandi	E
5	Sombre Hummingbird	Eupetomena cirrochloris	E
6	Chaco Eagle	Buteogallus coronatus		EN
7	Saffron Toucanet	Pteroglossus bailloni		NT
8	Yellow-eared Woodpecker	Dryobates maculifrons	E
9	White-browed Woodpecker	Piculus aurulentus		NT
10	Crested Caracara	Caracara cheriway	RR
11	Plain Parakeet	Brotogeris tirica	E
12	Spot-breasted Antvireo	Dysithamnus stictothorax	NE	NT
13	Rufous-backed Antvireo	Dysithamnus xanthopterus	E
14	Ferruginous Antbird	Drymophila ferruginea	E
15	Rufous-tailed Antbird	Drymophila genei	E
16	Ochre-rumped Antbird	Drymophila ochropyga	E	NT
17	Dusky-tailed Antbird	Drymophila malura	LC
18	Black-cheeked Gnateater	Conopophaga melanops	E
19	Rufous-tailed Antthrush	Chamaeza ruficauda	NE
20	Wing-banded Hornero	Furnarius figulus	E
21	White-browed Foliage-gleaner	Anabacerthia amaurotis		NT
22	Orange-eyed Thornbird	Phacellodomus erythrophthalmus	E
23	Itatiaia Spinetail	Asthenes moreirae	E
24	Pallid Spinetail	Cranioleuca pallida	E
25	Serra do Mar Tyrant-Manakin	Neopelma chrysolophum	E
26	Pin-tailed Manakin	Ilicura militaris	E
27	Hooded Berryeater	Carpornis cucullata	E	NT
28	Swallow-tailed Cotinga	Phibalura flavirostris		NT
29	Black-and-gold Cotinga	Lipaugus atra	E
30	Gray-winged Cotinga	Lipaugus condita	E	V
31	Bare-throated Bellbird	Procnias nudicollis		NT
32	Mottle-cheeked Tyrannulet	Phylloscartes ventralis	LC
33	Serra do Mar Bristle-Tyrant	Pogonotriccus difficilis	E
34	Gray-headed Tody-Flycatcher	Todirostrum poliocephalum	E
35	Gray-backed Tachuri	Polystictus superciliaris	E
36	Gray-capped Tyrannulet	Phyllomyias griseocapilla	E	NT
37	Velvety Black-Tyrant	Knipolegus nigerrimus	E
38	Gray-hooded Attila	Attila rufus	E
39	Gray-eyed Greenlet	Hylophilus amaurocephalus	E
40	Half-collared Sparrow	Arremon semitorquatus	E
41	Brown Tanager	Orchesticus abeillei	E	NT
42	Brazilian Tanager	Ramphocelus bresilius	E
43	Azure-shouldered Tanager	Thraupis cyanoptera	E	V
44	Golden-chevroned Tanager	Thraupis ornata	E
45	White-bellied Tanager	Tangara brasiliensis	E
46	Brassy-breasted Tanager	Tangara desmaresti	E
47	Gilt-edged Tanager	Tangara cyanoventris	E
48	Bay-chested Warbling Finch	Castanozoster thoracica	E
49	Buffy-fronted Seedeater	Sporophila frontalis	NE	V
50	Thick-billed Saltator	Saltator maxillosus	NE

*Nomenclature and taxonomic affinities are based on Clements 6th Edition published 2007 with updates through 2021 maintained by the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, which relies largely on the AOU and SACC nomenclature committees. IUCN status may reflect splits not currently recognized by Clements.
**Species not accepted by Clements, AOU, or SACC that we recognize based on the IOC, field observations along with geographical separation, consensus opinions of field guide authors, and other sources. These species are potential splits in future Clements updates.

OTHER LOCALES

PRESENCE CODES

Code	Description	##
//	Boreal Visitor	9
\\	Austral Visitor	18
\|\|	Transient	0
##	Non-breeding Dispersal	2
<>	Erratic/Irregular	0
()	Breeding Season Only	2
{}	Casual/Vagrant	7
[]	Accidental	6

DISTRIBUTION CODES

Code	Description	##
E	Endemic	248
LC	Local	109
NE	Near Endemic	72
RR	Restricted Range	163

STATUS CODES

Code	Description	##
NT	Near Threatened	10
V	Vulnerable	3
EN	Endangered	1
CR	Critically Endangered	0

Species counts in code tables depend on completeness of the data. For some countries or locales, data may not include all species or information on species presence may be incomplete.