EL CAJAS NATIONAL PARK
ECUADORLOCALE
| Area (ha): | 28,544 |
| Altitude (m): | 3100-4450 |
| # Species: | 270 |
| # Excl Vagrants: | 270 |
| # Endemics: | 1 |
| # Near Endemics: | 21 |
| Species/100 ha: | 0.9 |
| Habitat: Cloud forest, paramo, lagoons | |
BIRD CHECKLIST
The table below lists species recorded at this locale but does not indicate frequency of occurrence there. It does indicate whether each species is globally threatened or endangered according to the IUCN and also whether it is migratory, very rare, or accidental in the country. The list is based on available data and may be incomplete.*
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| 1 | Tawny-breasted Tinamou | Nothocercus julius |
| 2 | Andean Tinamou | Nothoprocta pentlandii |
| 3 | Curve-billed Tinamou | Nothoprocta curvirostris |
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| 4 | Torrent Duck | Merganetta armata |
| 5 | Blue-winged Teal | Spatula discors |
| 6 | White-cheeked Pintail | Anas bahamensis |
| 7 | Yellow-billed Pintail | Anas georgica |
| 8 | Andean Teal | Anas andium |
| 9 | Andean Duck | Oxyura ferruginea |
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| 10 | Andean Guan | Penelope montagnii |
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| 11 | Rock Pigeon | Columba livia |
| 12 | Band-tailed Pigeon | Patagioenas fasciata |
| 13 | Plumbeous Pigeon | Patagioenas plumbea |
| 14 | Ecuadorian Ground Dove | Columbina buckleyi |
| 15 | Croaking Ground Dove | Columbina cruziana |
| 16 | White-tipped Dove | Leptotila verreauxi |
| 17 | White-throated Quail-Dove | Zentrygon frenata |
| 18 | Eared Dove | Zenaida auriculata |
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| 19 | Smooth-billed Ani | Crotophaga ani |
| 20 | Groove-billed Ani | Crotophaga sulcirostris |
| 21 | Striped Cuckoo | Tapera naevia |
| 22 | Squirrel Cuckoo | Piaya cayana |
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| 23 | Short-tailed Nighthawk | Lurocalis semitorquatus |
| 24 | Band-winged Nightjar | Systellura longirostris |
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| 25 | Chestnut-collared Swift | Streptoprocne rutila |
| 26 | White-collared Swift | Streptoprocne zonaris |
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| 27 | Lesser Violetear | Colibri cyanotus |
| 28 | Sparkling Violetear | Colibri coruscans |
| 29 | Amethyst-throated Sunangel | Heliangelus amethysticollis |
| 30 | Tourmaline Sunangel | Heliangelus exortis |
| 31 | Little Sunangel | Heliangelus micraster |
| 32 | Purple-throated Sunangel | Heliangelus viola |
| 33 | Speckled Hummingbird | Adelomyia melanogenys |
| 34 | Violet-tailed Sylph | Aglaiocercus coelestis |
| 35 | Ecuadorian Hillstar | Oreotrochilus chimborazo |
| 36 | Mountain Avocetbill | Opisthoprora euryptera |
| 37 | Black-tailed Trainbearer | Lesbia victoriae |
| 38 | &Green-tailed Trainbearerl | Lesbia nuna |
| 39 | Purple-backed Thornbill | Ramphomicron microrhynchum |
| 40 | Blue-mantled Thornbill | Chalcostigma stanleyi |
| 41 | Rainbow-bearded Thornbill | Chalcostigma herrani |
| 42 | Tyrian Metaltail | Metallura tyrianthina |
| 43 | Viridian Metaltail | Metallura williami |
| 44 | Violet-throated Metaltail | Metallura baroni |
| 45 | Glowing Puffleg | Eriocnemis vestita |
| 46 | Sapphire-vented Puffleg | Eriocnemis luciani |
| 47 | Shining Sunbeam | Aglaeactis cupripennis |
| 48 | Collared Inca | Coeligena torquata |
| 49 | Rainbow Starfrontlet | Coeligena iris |
| 50 | Buff-winged Starfrontlet | Coeligena lutetiae |
| 51 | Mountain Velvetbreast | Lafresnaya lafresnayi |
| 52 | Sword-billed Hummingbird | Ensifera ensifera |
| 53 | Great Sapphirewing | Pterophanes cyanopterus |
| 54 | Giant Hummingbird | Patagona gigas |
| 55 | White-bellied Woodstar | Chaetocercus mulsant |
| 56 | Purple-throated Woodstar | Philodice mitchellii |
| 57 | Amazilia Hummingbird | Amazilis amazilia |
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| 58 | Ecuadorian Rail | Rallus aequatorialis |
| 59 | Common Gallinule | Gallinula galeata |
| 60 | Slate-colored Coot | Fulica ardesiaca |
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| 61 | Andean Lapwing | Vanellus resplendens |
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| 62 | Wattled Jacana | Jacana jacana |
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| 63 | Jameson's Snipe | Gallinago jamesoni |
| 64 | Noble Snipe | Gallinago nobilis |
| 65 | /Spotted Sandpiper/ | Actitis macularius |
| 66 | /Solitary Sandpiper/ | Tringa solitaria |
| 67 | /Lesser Yellowlegs/ | Tringa flavipes |
| 68 | /Greater Yellowlegs/ | Tringa melanoleuca |
| 69 | |Baird's Sandpiper| | Calidris bairdii |
| 70 | /Pectoral Sandpiper/ | Calidris melanotos |
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| 71 | Andean Gull | Chroicocephalus serranus |
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| 72 | Pied-billed Grebe | Podilymbus podiceps |
| 73 | Silvery Grebe | Podiceps occipitalis |
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| 74 | Neotropic Cormorant | Nannopterum brasilianus |
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| 75 | Black-crowned Night Heron | Nycticorax nycticorax |
| 76 | Snowy Egret | Egretta thula |
| 77 | Striated Heron | Butorides striata |
| 78 | Western Cattle-Egret | Bubulcus ibis |
| 79 | Great Egret | Ardea alba |
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| 80 | King Vulture | Sarcoramphus papa |
| 81 | Andean Condor | Vultur gryphus |
| 82 | Black Vulture | Coragyps atratus |
| 83 | Turkey Vulture | Cathartes aura |
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| 84 | /Osprey/ | Pandion haliaetus |
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| 85 | White-tailed Kite | Elanus leucurus |
| 86 | Swallow-tailed Kite | Elanoides forficatus |
| 87 | Black-and-chestnut Eagle | Spizaetus isidori |
| 88 | Plain-breasted Hawk** | Accipiter ventralis |
| 89 | Savanna Hawk | Buteogallus meridionalis |
| 90 | Roadside Hawk | Rupornis magnirostris |
| 91 | Harris's Hawk | Parabuteo unicinctus |
| 92 | Variable Hawk | Geranoaetus polyosoma |
| 93 | Black-chested Buzzard-Eagle | Geranoaetus melanoleucus |
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| 94 | White-throated Screech-Owl | Megascops albogularis |
| 95 | Great Horned Owl | Bubo virginianus |
| 96 | Andean Pygmy-Owl | Glaucidium jardinii |
| 97 | Peruvian Pygmy-Owl | Glaucidium peruanum |
| 98 | Rufous-banded Owl | Strix albitarsis |
| 99 | Short-eared Owl | Asio flammeus |
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| 100 | Masked Trogon | Trogon personatus |
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| 101 | Ringed Kingfisher | Megaceryle torquata |
| 102 | Green Kingfisher | Chloroceryle americana |
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| 103 | Southern Emerald-Toucanet | Aulacorhynchus albivitta |
| 104 | Gray-breasted Mountain-Toucan | Andigena hypoglauca |
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| 105 | Bar-bellied Woodpecker | Dryobates nigriceps |
| 106 | Golden-olive Woodpecker | Colaptes rubiginosus |
| 107 | Crimson-mantled Woodpecker | Colaptes rivolii |
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| 108 | Laughing Falcon | Herpetotheres cachinnans |
| 109 | Carunculated Caracara | Daptrius carunculatus |
| 110 | Mountain Caracara | Daptrius megalopterus |
| 111 | American Kestrel | Falco sparverius |
| 112 | /Merlin/ | Falco columbarius |
| 113 | Aplomado Falcon | Falco femoralis |
| 114 | /Peregrine Falcon/ | Falco peregrinus |
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| 115 | Red-faced Parrot | Hapalopsittaca pyrrhops |
| 116 | Bronze-winged Parrot | Pionus chalcopterus |
| 117 | Pacific Parrotlet | Forpus coelestis |
| 118 | &Golden-plumed Parakeetl | Leptosittaca branickii |
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| 119 | Undulated Antpitta | Grallaria squamigera |
| 120 | Chestnut-crowned Antpitta | Grallaria ruficapilla |
| 121 | Equatorial Antpitta | Grallaria saturata |
| 122 | Tawny Antpitta | Grallaria quitensis |
| 123 | Ochre-breasted Antpitta | Grallaricula flavirostris |
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| 124 | Ocellated Tapaculo | Acropternis orthonyx |
| 125 | Blackish Tapaculo | Scytalopus latrans |
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| 126 | Strong-billed Woodcreeper | Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus |
| 127 | Spotted Woodcreeper | Xiphorhynchus erythropygius |
| 128 | Streaked Tuftedcheek | Pseudocolaptes boissonneautii |
| 129 | Pale-legged Hornero | Furnarius leucopus |
| 130 | Chestnut-winged Cinclodes | Cinclodes albidiventris |
| 131 | Stout-billed Cinclodes | Cinclodes excelsior |
| 132 | Pearled Treerunner | Margarornis squamiger |
| 133 | Andean Tit-Spinetail | Leptasthenura andicola |
| 134 | White-browed Spinetail | Hellmayrea gularis |
| 135 | Many-striped Canastero | Asthenes flammulata |
| 136 | Streak-backed Canastero | Asthenes wyatti |
| 137 | White-chinned Thistletail | Asthenes fuliginosa |
| 138 | Mouse-colored Thistletail | Asthenes griseomurina |
| 139 | Line-cheeked Spinetail | Cranioleuca antisiensis |
| 140 | Azara's Spinetail | Synallaxis azarae |
| 141 | Rufous Spinetail | Synallaxis unirufa |
| 142 | Slaty Spinetail | Synallaxis brachyura |
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| 143 | Red-crested Cotinga | Ampelion rubrocristatus |
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| 144 | Barred Becard | Pachyramphus versicolor |
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| 145 | Streak-necked Flycatcher | Mionectes striaticollis |
| 146 | Ochre-bellied Flycatcher | Mionectes oleagineus |
| 147 | Cinnamon Flycatcher | Pyrrhomyias cinnamomeus |
| 148 | Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet | Camptostoma obsoletum |
| 149 | White-tailed Tyrannulet | Mecocerculus poecilocercus |
| 150 | White-banded Tyrannulet | Mecocerculus stictopterus |
| 151 | White-throated Tyrannulet | Mecocerculus leucophrys |
| 152 | Tufted Tit-Tyrant | Anairetes parulus |
| 153 | Agile Tit-Tyrant | Uromyias agilis |
| 154 | Subtropical Doradito | Pseudocolopteryx acutipennis |
| 155 | White-crested Elaenia | Elaenia albiceps |
| 156 | Sierran Elaenia | Elaenia pallatangae |
| 157 | Torrent Tyrannulet | Serpophaga cinerea |
| 158 | Black-capped Tyrannulet | Tyranniscus nigrocapillus |
| 159 | Tawny-rumped Tyrannulet | Tyranniscus uropygialis |
| 160 | Mouse-gray Flycatcher | Myiophobus crypterythrus |
| 161 | /Olive-sided Flycatcher/ | Contopus cooperi |
| 162 | Smoke-colored Pewee | Contopus fumigatus |
| 163 | Black Phoebe | Sayornis nigricans |
| 164 | Vermilion Flycatcher | Pyrocephalus rubinus |
| 165 | Spot-billed Ground-Tyrant | Muscisaxicola maculirostris |
| 166 | \White-browed Ground-Tyrant\ | Muscisaxicola albilora |
| 167 | Plain-capped Ground-Tyrant | Muscisaxicola alpinus |
| 168 | Red-rumped Bush-Tyrant | Cnemarchus erythropygius |
| 169 | Black-billed Shrike-Tyrant | Agriornis montanus |
| 170 | White-tailed Shrike-Tyrant | Agriornis albicauda |
| 171 | Streak-throated Bush-Tyrant | Myiotheretes striaticollis |
| 172 | Smoky Bush-Tyrant | Myiotheretes fumigatus |
| 173 | Masked Water-Tyrant | Fluvicola nengeta |
| 174 | Crowned Chat-Tyrant | Silvicultrix frontalis |
| 175 | Chestnut-bellied Chat-Tyrant | Ochthoeca cinnamomeiventris |
| 176 | Rufous-breasted Chat-Tyrant | Ochthoeca rufipectoralis |
| 177 | Brown-backed Chat-Tyrant | Ochthoeca fumicolor |
| 178 | White-browed Chat-Tyrant | Ochthoeca leucophrys |
| 179 | Bright-rumped Attila | Attila spadiceus |
| 180 | Piratic Flycatcher | Legatus leucophaius |
| 181 | Snowy-throated Kingbird | Tyrannus niveigularis |
| 182 | Tropical Kingbird | Tyrannus melancholicus |
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| 183 | Rufous-browed Peppershrike | Cyclarhis gujanensis |
| 184 | Brown-capped Vireo | Vireo leucophrys |
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| 185 | Turquoise Jay | Cyanolyca turcosa |
| 186 | Violaceous Jay | Cyanocorax violaceus |
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| 187 | Purple Martin | Progne subis |
| 188 | Gray-breasted Martin | Progne chalybea |
| 189 | Southern Rough-winged Swallow | Stelgidopteryx ruficollis |
| 190 | Blue-and-white Swallow | Pygochelidon cyanoleuca |
| 191 | Brown-bellied Swallow | Orochelidon murina |
| 192 | /Barn Swallow/ | Hirundo rustica |
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| 193 | Scaly-breasted Wren | Microcerculus marginatus |
| 194 | Southern House Wren | Troglodytes musculus |
| 195 | Mountain Wren | Troglodytes solstitialis |
| 196 | Grass Wren | Cistothorus platensis |
| 197 | Thrush-like Wren | Campylorhynchus turdinus |
| 198 | Plain-tailed Wren | Pheugopedius euophrys |
| 199 | Rufous Wren | Cinnycerthia unirufa |
| 200 | Sharpe's Wren | Cinnycerthia olivascens |
| 201 | White-breasted Wood-Wren | Henicorhina leucosticta |
| 202 | Gray-breasted Wood-Wren | Henicorhina leucophrys |
| 203 | Song Wren | Cyphorhinus phaeocephalus |
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| 204 | White-capped Dipper | Cinclus leucocephalus |
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| 205 | Slaty-backed Nightingale-Thrush | Catharus fuscater |
| 206 | /Swainson's Thrush/ | Catharus ustulatus |
| 207 | White-necked Thrush | Turdus albicollis |
| 208 | Ecuadorian Thrush | Turdus maculirostris |
| 209 | &Pale-eyed Thrushl | Turdus leucops |
| 210 | Great Thrush | Turdus fuscater |
| 211 | Glossy-black Thrush | Turdus serranus |
| 212 | Chiguanco Thrush | Turdus chiguanco |
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| 213 | House Sparrow | Passer domesticus |
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| 214 | Paramo Pipit | Anthus bogotensis |
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| 215 | Hooded Siskin | Spinus magellanicus |
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| 216 | Gray-browed Brushfinch | Arremon assimilis |
| 217 | Chestnut-capped Brushfinch | Arremon brunneinucha |
| 218 | Rufous-collared Sparrow | Zonotrichia capensis |
| 219 | Pale-naped Brushfinch | Atlapetes pallidinucha |
| 220 | White-winged Brushfinch | Atlapetes leucopterus |
| 221 | Yellow-breasted Brushfinch | Atlapetes latinucha |
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| 222 | Peruvian Meadowlark | Leistes bellicosa |
| 223 | Scrub Blackbird | Dives warczewiczi |
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| 224 | /Blackburnian Warbler/ | Setophaga fusca |
| 225 | Black-crested Warbler | Myiothlypis nigrocristata |
| 226 | Russet-crowned Warbler | Myiothlypis coronata |
| 227 | Slate-throated Redstart | Myioborus miniatus |
| 228 | Spectacled Redstart | Myioborus melanocephalus |
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| 229 | Golden Grosbeak | Pheucticus chrysogaster |
| 230 | Black-backed Grosbeak | Pheucticus aureoventris |
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| 231 | Superciliaried Hemispingus | Thlypopsis superciliaris |
| 232 | Rufous-chested Tanager | Thlypopsis ornata |
| 233 | Hooded Mountain Tanager | Buthraupis montana |
| 234 | Grass-green Tanager | Chlorornis riefferii |
| 235 | Black-chested Mountain Tanager | Cnemathraupis eximia |
| 236 | Lacrimose Mountain Tanager | Anisognathus lacrymosus |
| 237 | Scarlet-bellied Mountain Tanager | Anisognathus igniventris |
| 238 | Blue-winged Mountain Tanager | Anisognathus somptuosus |
| 239 | Buff-breasted Mountain Tanager | Dubusia taeniata |
| 240 | Golden-crowned Tanager | Iridosornis rufivertex |
| 241 | Fawn-breasted Tanager | Pipraeidea melanonota |
| 242 | Blue-and-yellow Tanager | Rauenia bonariensis |
| 243 | Blue-gray Tanager | Thraupis episcopus |
| 244 | Palm Tanager | Thraupis palmarum |
| 245 | Golden-naped Tanager | Chalcothraupis ruficervix |
| 246 | Blue-necked Tanager | Stilpnia cyanicollis |
| 247 | Blue-and-black Tanager | Tangara vassorii |
| 248 | Golden Tanager | Tangara arthus |
| 249 | Black-faced Dacnis | Dacnis lineata |
| 250 | Giant Conebill | Conirostrum binghami |
| 251 | Blue-backed Conebill | Conirostrum sitticolor |
| 252 | Cinereous Conebill | Conirostrum cinereum |
| 253 | Glossy Flowerpiercer | Diglossa lafresnayii |
| 254 | Black Flowerpiercer | Diglossa humeralis |
| 255 | White-sided Flowerpiercer | Diglossa albilatera |
| 256 | Rusty Flowerpiercer | Diglossa sittoides |
| 257 | Masked Flowerpiercer | Diglossa cyanea |
| 258 | Plushcap | Catamblyrhynchus diadema |
| 259 | Black-backed Bush Tanager | Urothraupis stolzmanni |
| 260 | Tit-like Dacnis | Xenodacnis parina |
| 261 | Plumbeous Sierra Finch | Geospizopsis unicolor |
| 262 | Ash-breasted Sierra Finch | Geospizopsis plebejus |
| 263 | Band-tailed Sierra Finch | Porphyrospiza alaudinus |
| 264 | Gray-hooded Bush Tanager | Cnemoscopus rubrirostris |
| 265 | Saffron Finch | Sicalis flaveola |
| 266 | Blue-black Grassquit | Volatinia jacarina |
| 267 | Band-tailed Seedeater | Catamenia analis |
| 268 | Plain-colored Seedeater | Catamenia inornata |
| 269 | Paramo Seedeater | Catamenia homochroa |
| 270 | Dull-colored Grassquit | Asemospiza obscurus |
*Nomenclature and taxonomic affinities are based on Clements 6th Edition published 2007 with updates through 2021 maintained by the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, which relies largely on the AOU and SACC nomenclature committees. IUCN status may reflect splits not currently recognized by Clements.
**Species not accepted by Clements, AOU, or SACC that we recognize based on the IOC, field observations along with geographical separation, consensus opinions of field guide authors, and other sources. These species are potential splits in future Clements updates.
OTHER LOCALES
PRESENCE CODES
| Code | Description | ## |
| // | Boreal Visitor | 12 |
| \\ | Austral Visitor | 1 |
| || | Transient | 1 |
| ## | Non-breeding Dispersal | 0 |
| <> | Erratic/Irregular | 3 |
| () | Breeding Season Only | 0 |
| {} | Casual/Vagrant | 1 |
| [] | Accidental | 0 |
STATUS CODES
| Code | Description | ## |
| NT | Near Threatened | 6 |
| V | Vulnerable | 2 |
| EN | Endangered | 2 |
| CR | Critically Endangered | 0 |
Species counts in code tables depend on completeness of the data. For some countries or locales, data may not include all species or information on species presence may be incomplete.